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| Research Plan
A. Problem : What kind of fish can we catch from bridge fishing?
B. Hypothesis : The scientist predicts to catch catfish, snapper, croaker, snook, and drum from using cup up shrimp, squid, mullet, and ballyhoo as bait.
C. Procedure :
1. Cut up shrimp, squid, mullet, and ballyhoo, into small pieces about one inch.
2. Key bait in small bag and place in a cooler.
3. Go to a bridge, the scientist chose the Roosevelt bridge in Stuart.
4. Hook one kind of bait to each fishing rod.
5. Cast out fishing line, and wait for fish to hit.
6. Once a fish hits, reel it in, take picture, and release or keep it.
( If line breaks, re-rig and hook another piece of bait on and cast again)
7. Once the fish is taken off the hook, replace with another piece bait the same kind.
8. Repeat experiment at a different bridge, scientist chose the bridge by Benihanas.
D. Analysis : The experimenter will wait patiently for fish to hit and take pictures of the fishes caught. Data will be recorded in a log book, along with picture data. The experiment will happen in the morning around 6 am and will be conducts twice.
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| Rosa Tsoi
9/25/07
AP ECO
P.5
Ch. 6
Multinational corporation : a corporation or enterprise that manages production establishments or delivers services in at least two countries. Very large multinationals have budgets that exceed those of many countries.
Comparative advantage : to explain how it can be beneficial for two parties to trade if one has a lower relative cost of producing some good.
terms of trade : the ratio of the price of an export commodity to the price of an import commodity.
foreign exchange : market exists wherever one currency is traded for another.
Exchange rate : between two currencies specifies how much one currency is worth in terms of the other.
Depreciation : reference to the fact that assets with finite lives lose value over time.
Appreciation : In this sense it is the reverse of depreciation, which measures the fall in value of assets over their normal life-time.
Import quota : type of protectionist trade restriction that sets a physical limit on the quantity of a good that can be imported into a country in a given period of time.
Export subsidy : a government policy to encourage export of goods and discourage sale of goods on the domestic market through low-cost loans or tax relief for exporters, or government financed international advertising or R&D.
Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act : was signed into law on June 17, 1930, and raised U.S. tariffs on over 20,000 imported goods to record levels, and, in the opinion of most economists, worsened the Great Depression.
Reciprocal Tariff Act : provided for the negotiation of tariff agreements with separate nations, particularly Latin American countries. It resulted in a reduction of duties.
World Trade Organization : an international organization designed to supervise and liberalize international trade.
Doha Development Round : of World Trade Organization negotiations aims to lower trade barriers around the world, permitting free trade between countries of varying prosperity.
European Union (EU) : a unique political and economic community with federal and confederal dimensions.
Trade bloc : is a large free trade area formed by one or more tax, tariff and trade agreements.
Euro : the official currency of the european.
North American Free Trade Agreement : the trade bloc in North America created by the North American Free Trade Agreement and its two supplements, the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation and The North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation whose members are Canada, Mexico, and the United States.
Ch. 8
Economic growth : the increase in value of the goods and services produced by an economy.
Rule of 70 : a method for estimating an investment's doubling time, or halving time. These rules apply to exponential growth and decay respectively, and are therefore used for compound interest as opposed to simple interest calculations.
productivity : the amount of output created (in terms of goods produced or services rendered) per unit input used.
business cycle : the fluctuations of economic activity about its long term growth trend.
Trough : economic a noticeable and statistically recordable decline in an economy or graph.
Labor Force : suppliers of labor.
Unemployment rate : the rate of men and women who are not employed.
Discouraged worker : a person of legal employment age who is not actively seeking employment.
Frictional unemployment : workers who either searching for jobs or waiting to take jobs in the near future.
Structural unemployment : involves a mismatch between workers looking for jobs and the vacancies available often despite the number of vacancies being similar to the number of unemployed people.
Cyclical unemployment : unemployment exists due to inadequate effective aggregate demand.
Full-employment unemployment rate :The unemployment rate at which there is no cyclical unemployment of the labor force.
Natural rate of employment : the full employment unemployment rate occurring when there is no cyclical unemployment and the economy is achieving its potenial output.
Potenial Output : The real output an economy can produce when it fully employs its available resources.
GDP gap : the output gap is the difference between actual GDP and potential GDP or potential output.
Okun's Law : based on regression analysis of US data that shows a correlation between unemployment and GDP.
Inflation : a persistent rise in the general price level, as measured against a standard level of purchasing power.
Consumer price index (CPI) : a statistical estimate of the level of prices of goods and services bought for consumption purposes by households.
Demand-pull inflation : arises when aggregate demand in an economy outpaces aggregate supply.
Cost-Push inflation : a type of inflation caused by large increases in the cost of important goods or services where no suitable alternative is available.
Per-unit production : the average cost of a particular level of output.
Nominal Income : the number of dollars recieved as wages, rent, interest, or profits.
Real Income : a measure of the amount of goods and services nominal income can buy.
Anticipated inflation : an increase in price level that occur at the expected rate.
Unanticipated inflation : increases in the price level at a rate greater then expected.
Cost-of-living adjustment : adjusts salaries based on changes in a cost-of-living index.
Real interest rate : the effective interest rate minus the inflation rate.
Nominal Interest rate : the rate of interest before adjustment for inflation.
Deflation : is a decrease in the general price level over a period of time.
Hyperinflation : inflation that is "out of control," a condition in which prices increase rapidly as a currency loses its value.
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| Rosa Tsoi Special Problem 2B Part 1. Introduction. Here, I am going to investigate with the TI-83 calculator using random number distributions. The graphing calculator is to generate 100 observations for me that are going to be listed in L1. After that, the group of numbers will be graphed into a histogram and normal probability plot that will help me in the following analysis. Analysis. The shape of the histogram does compare with the density curve. The histogram appears to be symmetrically skewed and the normal density curve is also symmetrically skewed. They both show the mean of the data, but in the normal density curve they also show the data’s standard deviation, and the histogram doesn’t show that. The normal probability plot of the data does suggest important deviations from normality. The plot shows outliers and numbers that are really not in the group. This graph, the data is a bit curved. It shows six numbers (dots) that are not a part of the regular line, and it is apart from it. Conclusions. In conclusion, in the findings of my investigations, I saw that the histogram and the normal density curve are alike in shape, but not exactly in numbers. Also, the normal probability is very different in numbers and the conclusions of the numbers, it is shown as just a line and shows numbers that are not part of the whole group (outliers). Part 2. Introduction. Again, I am going to use the TI-83 graphing calculator to generate numbers this time. This time it will be “random numbers” between 0 and 1, and will get results from a uniform distribution. They will be stored in L2, a histogram and normal probability plot will also be graphed. Analysis. On the calculator, my histogram did not graph, and just gave me a big line. So, I do not know how I can compare with the density curve when only a line is graphed into the histogram. But the normal probability plot did graph, the uniform distribution deviated from normality by its shape and data outline. The uniform distribution doesn’t have any relation as appearance. Conclusion. In this problem, I found that the normal probability plot is very different, as stated before it shows the outliers in the group, and the uniform distribution deviates from the normality because the graphs are totally different and it doesn’t show numbers alike or anything. The process I used to obtain these graphs were by using the TI-83 calculator and using the functions that were listed to use on the handout. The plots I obtained were histograms that were easily generated by using the stat plot function, and choosing the graph type. The same for the normal probability plot, all it was was going to the stat plot and choosing the normal probability plot. | | |
| Reader's Log
August 23th
Pgs 1-26
Preface and Letters
At this point, this book seems really old fashioned. Its language is approaching me in a manner of non-interest. Now I'm not saying that this book is bad from the start, but its hard to understand it, especially with an introduction like that. I guess I'm just used to the Frankenstein I grew up with. Well not necessarily grew up with, but the one I was told about, like the monster is actually called Frankenstein, with ugly pictures upon each turning page. But obviously, this book isn't about that. But anyway, as I said, this book starts out confusing. I'm not really sure about what's happening, but I believe someone else is going to be narrating the story. Some guy named Robert Walton is writing to his sister about his conquest and all that. Also, I read how Mary Shelley wrote this book during a contest, which she was in while stuck in a house on a rainy day. Well I'm not too sure what's going to happen next, but I hope it gets better.
August 24th
Pgs 27-63
Chapters 1-6
Well,ok, I changed my mind about this book. At first, it started off slow with the Preface and Letters from Robert. Also, the first couple chapters werent all that exciting. But once it showed how Victor was getting drawn into the supernatural, things started lightening up. The scene that stuck out the most was obviously the creation of the monster. It was a little disappointing though, waiting for the television version: IT'S ALIVE IT'S ALIVE!!? with electricity lighting up the whole laboratory. I personally thought the scene was too short. I mean Mary Shelley can describe pointless scenery in an extravagant manner, how the birds feathers glisten with the dawning sun or how the blades of grass blow quietly among the swift winds. But when it finally comes to one of the greatest scenes in this book, it lasts for about a paragraph. It's like the monster wakes up, Victor runs, and that's it. To me, I see it as a rip-off. But don't get me wrong, the scene seemed pretty realistic, especially the reaction Victor gave it. I probably would've done the same thing, except maybe come back to see if it can talk and realize who its creator is. Yes it's hideous, but it would've been MY creation, meaning no body else has done this before, so this would be a major breakthrough in society. Well I'm going to keep reading on, since the monster is now roaming around.
August 25th
Pgs 64-133
Chapters 7-17
Well this book never ceases to amaze me. There's never an uphill? for Victor, meaning he never gets to a happy point in his life. His life, since he created the monster, just keeps going down hill. I read about how William was killed by the monster, how Justine was falsely accused and executed for William's death, and now how he has to create another monster, this time a female. It just never ends for this guy. His whole life seems like a tragedy. That's three deaths he's experienced so far. I doubt it can get any worse, but of course it will. But now, in a sense, feel sorry for the creature, considering he can talk and explain his feelings. He talks so eloquently, just like Victor. And this was in just a short period of time. Now I don't know how Victor can reject him now. He's hideous, I know, but he should be proud of his creation. He figured out all of life's necessities in a short amount of time, learning a new language, and being able to write. He's the greatest being in the world if you ask me. I wouldve rejoiced to heavens about this. But Victor obviously doesn't see it this way, seeing how he's still ugly. And I do understand Victor's perspective, considering he killed William and got Justine executed. But yes, in the end, I would just make the creature a female companion, and move on with my life. Closure would be the only thing I would strive for, and this would've seemed like the only way. | | |
| Reading Strategies: Letters I-IV
Follow-Up
Do I think Victor would have chose to be a scientist if he had know what he would lose? I think that is a definite no. Victor lost all contact with this family and friends, plus those who were close to him died. No one would want to be put through that misery. But knowing how Victor is, he would probably rebuild the Creature to look more pleasant, in a sense to be around. That way, the future might be a lot more different. Considering my situation, I actually would move again. I met many people down here in Florida, even though I thought this would be the worst move ever. So I know now that anywhere I go, I’ll be alright.
Reading Strategies: Chapters V-X
Follow-Up
Victor, my suffering friend, you shouldn’t well over the tragedies that happened in your life. Your tried playing God and these are the consequences. The Creature you created, though grotesque and hideous, is actually a gift from heaven. Your brought him from the supernatural, and now he is in your presence. He is able to speak English fluently and realize what emotion is. Why not just give in to him, realize his pain and suffering? Yes I know you’ve been through a lot too and I can never understand the grief you must feel, but you have to move on. William would not want you to feel like this, would he? How would your father or better yet, Elizabeth feel if she saw you in this condition? So please Victor, from a student who was forced to read your book, please feel better?
Reading Strategies: Chapters XI-XVI
Follow-Up
The Creature reveals that he is basically just like a little kid. He is showing us, the reader, how he is just learning how to do things for the first time. But he obviously is having one of the worst childhoods ever. First, he is shunned by his creator, then he goes out into the world to figure out how to live life itself, then when he finally learns the English language, believing this would be the breakthrough between him and Victor, he is yet again, rejected. It is nothing short of amazing of what this creature has done.
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